The Project Gutenberg EBook of Taxonomy and Distribution of Some American Shrews, by James S Findley This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org Title: Taxonomy and Distribution of Some American Shrews Author: James S Findley Release Date: January 26, 2010 [EBook #31088] Language: English Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 *** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AMERICAN SHREWS *** Produced by Chris Curnow, Joseph R. Hauser, Joseph Cooper and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Volume 7, No. 14, pp. 613-618 June 10, 1955 Taxonomy and Distribution of Some American Shrews BY JAMES S. FINDLEY UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS LAWRENCE 1955 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS PUBLICATIONS, MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY Editors: E. Raymond Hall, Chairman, A. Byron Leonard, Robert W. Wilson Volume 7, No. 14, pp. 613-618 Published June 10, 1955 UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS Lawrence, Kansas PRINTED BY FERD VOILAND, JR., STATE PRINTER TOPEKA, KANSAS 1955 25-7329 Taxonomy and Distribution of Some American Shrews by James S. Findley _=Sorex cinereus ohionensis=_ Bole and Moulthrop.--In their description of this subspecies from Ohio, Bole and Moulthrop (1942:89-95) made no mention of specimens in the United States Biological Surveys Collection from Ellsworth and Milford Center, Ohio, which stand in the literature (see Jackson, 1928:49) as _Sorex cinereus cinereus_. These two localities lie south of the geographic range ascribed to _S. c. ohionensis_ by Bole and Moulthrop. Examination of the two specimens, United States Biological Surveys Collection, Catalogue No. 70566, and United States National Museum, No. 19434, respectively, both of which are alcoholics, reveals that they are referable to the subspecies _ohionensis_ rather than to _S. c. cinereus_. This reference is made on the basis of small size, short tail (33 and 31 millimeters, respectively), and fourth upper unicuspid as large as third (the specimen from Milford Center lacks the skull). The occurrence at Milford Center provides a southward extension of known range for _S. c. ohionensis_ of approximately 70 miles. _S. c. cinereus_ seems not to occur in Ohio. _=Cryptotis micrura=_ (Tomes).--Davis (1944:376) assigned a _Cryptotis_ from Boca del Río, Veracruz, to _Cryptotis parva berlandieri_ (Baird). Comparison of this specimen, Texas Cooperative Wildlife Collections, No. 2765, with 8 specimens of _C. micrura_ from various parts of northern Veracruz and with 9 _C. parva_ from southern Tamaulipas reveals that the shrew from Boca del Río is referable to _Cryptotis micrura_. The series of 8 specimens in the University of Kansas Museum of Natural History from Altamira, Tamaulipas, provides the southernmost known record of _Cryptotis parva berlandieri_. These 8 specimens are typical of _C. p. berlandieri_ and show no approach to _C. micrura_. Average and extreme cranial measurements of 7 specimens from 1 mi. S Altamira are: condylobasal length, 15.6 (15.2-16.1); palatal length, 6.6 (6.4-6.7); maxillary tooth-row, 5.7 (5.4-5.8); cranial breadth, 7.6 (7.4-8.0); least interorbital breadth, 3.5 (3.4-3.7); maxillary breadth, 5.0 (4.8-5.2). Cranial measurements of 8 specimens of _C. micrura_ from various localities in northern Veracruz (1 km. E Mecayucan, 1; 7 km. NNW Cerro Gordo, 3; Teocelo, 2; 7 km. W El Brinco, 1; 5 km. N Jalapa, 1) are: condylobasal length, 17.1 (16.6-17.4); palatal length, 7.1 (6.9-7.4); maxillary tooth-row, 6.2 (5.9-6.4); cranial breadth, 8.5 (8.3-8.6); least interorbital breadth, 3.7 (3.6-4.1); maxillary breadth, 5.3 (5.1-5.6). _C. parva_ and _C. micrura_ may intergrade but a distance of 140 miles separates the geographic ranges as now known of the two kinds and every specimen examined by me is clearly referable to one or the other of the two named kinds and shows no evidence of intergradation. _=Notiosorex crawfordi crawfordi=_ Baird.--A specimen in the Museum of Natural History from Jaumave, and one from Palmillas, Tamaulipas, collected by Gerd Heinrich, provide records of the easternmost margin of the range of this species in Mexico. Assignment is made to the subspecies _crawfordi_ on geographic grounds. The two specimens differ from a male from 13 mi. S and 15 mi. W Guadalajara, Jalisco, referred (Twente and Baker, 1951:121) to _N. c. evotis_ (Coues) in slightly larger size; however two skulls from owl pellets from 21 mi. SW Guadalajara, also referred to _evotis_ (_loc. cit._), seem to me to differ in no important way from skulls of the Tamaulipan specimens. Measurements of the Tamaulipan specimens, both females, 54932 KU and 54933 KU, are respectively: condylobasal length, --, 16.7; palatal length, --, 7.2; maxillary tooth-row, 6.6, 6.1; cranial breadth, 8.3, 8.1; least interorbital breadth, --, 3.5; maxillary breadth, --, 5.1; total length, 90, 90; tail, 28, 30; hind foot, 11.0, 11.5; ear, 8, 8. The only other eastern Mexican record of _N. crawfordi_ is based on two skulls from owl pellets collected 3 mi. NW Cuatro Cienegas, Coahuila (Baker, 1953:253). _=Sorex oreopolus emarginatus=_ Jackson.--A first-year female _Sorex_, KU 54346, obtained by Rollin H. Baker from 7 mi. SW Las Adjuntas, 8900 ft., Durango, seems closest, among Mexican shrews that I have examined, to two specimens of _S. emarginatus_ from Plateado, 7600 to 8500 ft., Zacatecas. Measurements of the Las Adjuntas specimen are: total length, 88; tail, 39; hind foot, 13; palatal length, 7.2; maxillary tooth-row, 6.4; maxillary breadth, 4.9; least interorbital breadth, 3.6. _Sorex emarginatus_ previously was known only from Plateado and the type locality, Bolanos, Jalisco. Comparison of these three specimens with specimens of other species of Mexican shrews of the _S. saussurei_ group leads me to conclude that the group contains two species rather than four as was previously thought. _Sorex emarginatus_, _S. ventralis_, and _S. oreopolus_ seem to me to be conspecific. All three nominal species are relatively small, short-tailed shrews. The skulls of the three kinds resemble one another in relatively short rostrum and in dental details. Slight differences in cranial proportions differentiate the three and they should, until more specimens of each are obtained and studied, retain subspecific rank. The specific name, _Sorex oreopolus_ Merriam 1892, should apply to the three kinds since it antedates the names _ventralis_ and _emarginatus_. The two names last given, therefore, should stand as _Sorex oreopolus ventralis_ Merriam and _Sorex oreopolus emarginatus_ Jackson. The two species, the large _S. saussurei_, and the small _S. oreopolus_, as the latter is here understood, occur together over an extensive region in southern Mexico. In other parts of North America a large and a small species of _Sorex_ often occur together in a given area. The Las Adjuntas specimen was taken only 10 miles southwest of El Salto, Durango, the type locality of _S. durangae_ Jackson. Jackson (1928:101) placed _durangae_ in the _Sorex vagrans-obscurus_ species group, but the two specimens available to him were second year adults with the teeth so much worn that diagnostic characters are not visible on them. I have examined these two specimens (United States Biological Surveys Collection 94539 and 94540) and find that in bodily and cranial proportions they resemble _Sorex s. saussurei_, and I so assign them. _=Sorex milleri=_ Jackson.--Koestner (1941:10) reported 5 _Sorex_ from Cerro Potosí, near La Jolla, Municipio de Galeana, Nuevo Leon, as _Sorex emarginatus_. Comparison of 4 of these specimens (Chicago Museum of Natural History, 48227, 48228, 48229, 48230) with two _S. emarginatus_ from Plateado, Zacatecas, and specimens of other species of _Sorex_ indicates that the Cerro Potosí shrews differ in many features from _emarginatus_, but closely resemble, in size and cranial characters, a specimen (F. W. Miller, No. 20) of _S. milleri_ from Sierra del Carmen, Coahuila, and seems to be referable to that species which was not named when Koestner (_loc. cit._) recorded his specimen. The range of _S. milleri_ is therefore extended southwestward to western central Nuevo Leon. Comparison of _S. milleri_ with specimens of other species of North American _Sorex_ leads me to conclude that _S. milleri_ is most closely related to_ S. cinereus_ Kerr, and should be included in the _S. cinereus_ group rather than in the _S. vagrans-obscurus_ group. _Sorex cinereus_ and _S. milleri_ are alike, and both differ from even the smallest _S. vagrans_ in relatively long and narrow rostrum, narrow teeth, smaller skull, and in having the third upper unicuspid more often equal to or smaller than, rather than larger than, the fourth unicuspid. I judge _S. milleri_ to be a relict population of _S. cinereus_, isolated in the mountains of northeastern Mexico, probably in the late Pleistocene. _Sorex cinereus_ reported from Pleistocene deposits in San Josecito Cave, Nuevo Leon (Findley, 1953:635), probably represents a population ancestral to the modern _S. milleri_. _Sorex milleri_ should retain specific status because of constant cranial differences from _S. cinereus_, particularly relatively broader rostrum. LITERATURE CITED BAKER, R. H. 1953. Mammals from owl pellets taken in Coahuila, Mexico. Trans. Kansas Acad. Sci., 56:253-254. BOLE, B. P., and P. N. MOULTHROP. 1942. The Ohio Recent mammal collection in the Cleveland Museum of Natural History. Sci. Publs. Cleveland Mus. Nat. Hist., 5:83-181, September 11. DAVIS, W. B. 1944. Notes on Mexican mammals. Jour. Mamm., 25:370-403, December 12. FINDLEY, J. S. 1953. Pleistocene Soricidae from San Josecito Cave, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Univ. Kansas Publ., Mus. Nat. Hist., 5:635-639, December 1. JACKSON, H. H. T. 1928. A taxonomic review of the American long-tailed shrews (Genera Sorex and Microsorex). N. Amer. Fauna, 51:I-VI, 1-238, 13 pls., 24 text figs., July 24. KOESTNER, E. J. 1941. An annotated list of mammals collected in Nuevo Leon, Mexico, in 1938. Great Basin Nat., 2:9-15, February 20. TWENTE, J. H., and R. H. BAKER. 1951. New records of mammals from Jalisco, Mexico, from barn owl pellets. Jour. Mamm., 32:120-121, February 15. 25-7329 End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Taxonomy and Distribution of Some American Shrews, by James S Findley *** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AMERICAN SHREWS *** ***** This file should be named 31088-8.txt or 31088-8.zip ***** This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: http://www.gutenberg.org/3/1/0/8/31088/ Produced by Chris Curnow, Joseph R. 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