Ethics — Part 4 by Benedictus de Spinoza

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Author Spinoza, Benedictus de, 1632-1677
Translator Elwes, R. H. M. (Robert Harvey Monro), 1853-
Title Ethics — Part 4
Note Reading ease score: 63.1 (8th & 9th grade). Neither easy nor difficult to read.
Credits Produced by an anonymous Project Gutenberg volunteer
Summary "Ethics — Part 4" by Benedictus de Spinoza is a philosophical treatise written during the 17th century. This work delves into the nature of human emotions, their impact on human bondage—defined as the inability to control oneself when overwhelmed by emotions—and how such emotions influence human behavior and ethical living. Spinoza aims to elucidate the complexity of good and evil as relative concepts shaped by our perceptions and emotions. The opening of "Ethics — Part 4" sets the stage for an in-depth analysis of human emotions and their repercussions. Spinoza introduces concepts such as perfection and imperfection and discusses how human understanding shapes our judgments about emotions. He distinguishes between being guided by reason and being a victim of passion, emphasizing that people often act against their better judgment under emotional duress. The opening arguments forge a foundation for further analysis of specific emotions and how they relate to virtue, thus inviting readers to explore how understanding and managing emotions can lead to a more virtuous life in harmony with reason. (This is an automatically generated summary.)
Language English
LoC Class B: Philosophy, Psychology, Religion
Subject Ethics
Category Text
EBook-No. 971
Release Date
Most Recently Updated Apr 14, 2013
Copyright Status Public domain in the USA.
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